The director should receive a salary that is fully adequate to attract an outstanding man to the post. These principles are as follows: (1) Whatever the extent of support may be, there must be stability of funds over a period of years so that long-range programs may be undertaken. "Speaker Nancy Pelosi, "Vannevar Bushs prescient report launched the modern scientific enterprise, spurred by generous government investment. China At the outset these Divisions should be: 2. But these things do not mark the end of progress -- they are but the beginning if we make full use of our scientific resources. - 1. Science only lives, and progresses, when the status quo is regularly attacked, and disrupted. There are talented individuals in every segment of the population, but with few exceptions those without the means of buying higher education go without it. Articles Find articles in journals, magazines, newspapers, and more; Catalog Explore books, music, movies, and more; Databases Locate databases by title and description; Journals Find journal titles; UWDC Discover digital collections, images, sound recordings, and more; Website Find information on spaces, staff, services, and more . The recommendations in this report which relate to research within the Government, to the release of scientific information, to clarification of the tax laws, and to the recovery and development of our scientific talent now in uniform can be implemented by action within the existing structure of the Government. The extent and nature of these new responsibilities are set forth in detail in the reports of the committees whose recommendations in this regard are fully endorsed. In recent decades, Chinese researchers have become preeminent contributors to the scientific enterprise, as reflected by the number of publications originating from Chinese research institutions. The deficit of science and technology students who, but for the war, would have received bachelor's degrees is about 150,000. Since research does not fall within the category of normal commercial or procurement operations which are easily covered by the usual contractual relations, it is essential that certain statutory and regulatory fiscal requirements be waived in the case of research contractors. It is in keeping with the American tradition -- one which has made the United States great -- that new frontiers shall be made accessible for development by all American citizens. Great advances in agriculture are also based upon scientific research. S.P., 4.5 x 3.25 in. Citation; Raw Data; Library.Link Network; Borrow it Toggle Dropdown. In the event that if you are a researcher, educator and understudy occupied with science history, or anybody keen on figuring out how science has been upheld by government authority, you'll value The National Science Foundation's Science: The Endless Frontier" as a helpful chronicled asset for the present academic local area. These responsibilities are the proper concern of the government, for they vitally affect health . The Government should take an active role in promoting the international flow of scientific information. Advances in science will also bring higher standards of living, will lead to the prevention or cure of diseases, will promote conservation of our limited national resources, and will assure means of defense against aggression. The Armed Services cannot be expected to be experts in all of the complicated fields which make it possible for a great nation to fight successfully in total war. To support international cooperation in science by providing financial aid for international meetings, associations of scientific societies, and scientific research programs organized on an international basis. Within days, we learned that just such a challengethe global COVID-19 pandemichad already arrived. It can be effective in the national welfare only as a member of a team, whether the conditions be peace or war. A part of the information now classified which should be released is possessed jointly by our allies and ourselves. Office of Scientific Research and Development; Bush, Vannevar, 1890-1974 Publication date 1960 Topics Science and state -- United States, Research -- United States Publisher Washington, National Science Foundation Collection I believe that, as a permanent measure, it would be appropriate to add to the agency needed to perform the other functions recommended in this report the responsibilities for civilian-initiated and civilian-controlled military research. Division of Natural Sciences. The development moved from the early laboratory stage to large scale production and use in a fraction of the time it would have taken without such leadership. These areas -- such as research on military problems, agriculture, housing, public health, certain medical research, and research involving expensive capital facilities beyond the capacity of private institutions -- should be advanced by active Government support. Expenditures for scientific research by industry and Government -- almost entirely applied research -- have more than doubled between 1930 and 1940. It is important that the patent system continue to serve the country in the manner intended by the Constitution, for it has been a vital element in the industrial vigor which has distinguished this nation. This is highly desirable in order that there may be no interruption in the relations between scientists and military men after the emergency wartime Office of Scientific Research and Development goes out of existence. The Endless Frontier Act provides $100 billion over 10 years for the research, development, and commercialization of these technologies. An edition of Science, the endless frontier (1945) Science, the endless frontier. Google Scholar. The possibility of an endless frontier is a consequence of an idea known as emergence. Without the broad authority along these lines which was contained in the First War Powers Act and its implementing Executive Orders, together with the special relaxation of vouchering requirements granted by the General Accounting Office, the Office of Scientific Research and Development would have been gravely handicapped in carrying on research on military matters during this war. Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. The usual controls of audits, reports, budgeting, and the like, should, of course, apply to the administrative and fiscal operations of the Foundation, subject, however, to such adjustments in procedure as are necessary to meet the special requirements of research. Directions, Princeton Asia (Beijing) Consulting Co., Ltd. The amount which can be effectively spent in the first year should not exceed 5 million dollars. In this war it has become clear beyond all doubt that scientific research is absolutely essential to national security. Yet, uncertainties in the operation of the patent laws have impaired the ability of small industries to translate new ideas into processes and products of value to the nation. Such expansion should be directed to fields of inquiry and service which are of public importance and are not adequately carried on by private organizations. and instead cite the study itself. RENEWAL OF OUR SCIENTIFIC TALENT A study in the premier science journal notes the long term falling off of truly original findings, as opposed to endless citations of others' findings. Directions, 99 Banbury Road Close Dialog Download book. IV. Holts introduction takes seriously the idea that the United States is a democracy, and that scientists have a specific role to play in that democracy, which is not the same thing as saying that scientists should control science policy. The establishment of the new agency, including a civilian military research group, should not be delayed by the existence of the Research Board for National Security, which is a temporary measure. The following very rough estimates are given for the first year of operation after the Foundation is organized and operating, and for the fifth year of operation when it is expected that the operations would have reached a fairly stable level: The National Research Foundation herein proposed meets the urgent need of the days ahead. A report to the President by United States. Science: The endless frontier. "Kei Koizumi, American Association for the Advancement of Science, "With Science, the Endless Frontier, Vannevar Bush envisioned the cloistered infrastructure for US science research that has prevailed for nearly eighty years. These uncertainties are, in part, attributable to the difficulties and expense incident to the operation of the patent system as it presently exists. Further, we cannot expect industry adequately to fill the gap. Description One of the most important reports in science policy, (commonly known as the Bush report), and intended to be a blueprint for a new era of scienceand of government in sciencefollowing the transformational experience of World War II and its technological culmination in the detonation of two atomic bombs over Japan. Many of the most important discoveries have come as a result of experiments undertaken with very different purposes in mind. There is, however, a very real need for some measure of coordination of the common scientific activities of these agencies, both as to policies and budgets, and at present no such means exist. To promote the dissemination of scientific and technical information and to further its international exchange. BOOK. Science, the Endless Frontier is recognized as the landmark argument for the essential role of science in society and government's responsibility to support scientific endeavors. Science and the great practical genius of this nation made this achievement possible. To a considerable extent this progress reflected the liberal financial support from university endowment income, gifts from individuals, and foundation grants in the 20's. Second are the infectious diseases, and third is cancer. Confronted with these deficits, we are compelled to look to the use of our basic human resources and formulate a program which will assure their conservation and effective development. The Army and Navy should continue to carry on research and development on the improvement of current weapons. The interdisciplinary and global approach provides a thorough introduction and includes . To satisfy these considerations I recommend the establishment of a Board, made up equally of scientists and military men, whose function would be to pass upon the declassification and to control the release for publication of scientific information which is now classified. Technology and Public Purpose Project Study Group. off. Offer good on select hardcover titles only. Today, advances in public health, shared prosperity, and scientific understanding are more important than ever. As a temporary measure the National Academy of Sciences has established the Research Board for National Security at the request of the Secretary of War and the Secretary of the Navy. Reprints and Permissions. - 1. The simplest and most effective way in which the Government can strengthen industrial research is to support basic research and to develop scientific talent. All of these factors are of great importance in the development of new knowledge, since much of new knowledge is certain to arouse opposition because of its tendency to challenge current beliefs or practice. But to achieve these objectives -- to secure a high level of employment, to maintain a position of world leadership -- the flow of new scientific knowledge must be both continuous and substantial. 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